نشریه دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بیرجند
سال بیست و چهارم شماره 2 (پیاپی 71، تابستان 1396)

Intense exercise can cause damages caused by oxidative stress and inflammation and, as a result, reduce exercise performance. The present study aimed at determining the effect of barberry juice supplement on the inflammation caused by intense aerobic activity in active young girls.
In a quasi-experimental study, 20 young girls who had the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into two equal groups of case (receiving Barberry juice supplement) ans control (receiving placebos). The case and the control groups received 250 ml natural Barberry juice and 250ml placebos for two weeks, respectively. After the period, both of the groups took an intense aerobic exercise programme. Immediately before and after receiving Barberry juice and placebos; and also immediately after the exercise program me bordering exhaustion prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) serum level was assessed.
Repeated measurements revealed that PGE2 serum levels at rest state and after intense exercise activity reduced in the Barberry juice group .Besides, there were significant differences between groups the Barberry juice and placebo groups, (P≤ 0.05)
Generally speaking, the supplement of Barberry juice can be useful in preventing decreased performance caused by the inflammatory effects of PGE2 due to intense physical exercise.

The present study aimed at investigating the effect of a 12-week aerobic water exercise and atorvastatin on of Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) and Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) changes in older men with cardiovascular diseases.
In the current study, 40 patients with cardiovascular disease, aged 50-65yrs, who were volunteers for the research were divided in to four equal groups including1.exercise, 2.exercise plus atorvastatin, 3.atorvastatin, and 4.control. Then, blood was taken before and after the interventions. Groups 1 and 2 performed the specific water aerobic exercise 3 times a week for 12 weeks. Group 3 took 20mg of atorvastatin daily under a physician Water aerobic exercise lasted 12 weeks, 3 periods a week, with intensity of 55-60% of heart-beat. Every week, due to overtax principle, 3.5 minutes was added to exercise period. In order to determine the difference between pre-test and post-test, dependent T was applied. Intergroup difference was determined through ANOVA using Tukey for post-test; (P≤0.05).
ANOVA application revealed that mean of functional variables in pre-test compared to that of post-test was significantly different. Mean post-test of BNP in the four groups exercise, atorvastatin, exercise plus atorvastatin and control was P= 0.001, P=0.002, P=0.000, respectively. But mean post-test of ANP in the above mentioned groups was P=0.022, P=0.001, P=0.000, respectively.
Aerobic exercises together with daily taking of atorvastatin can have significant effects on decreasing natriuretic peptides and CVDs.

Jujube (Ziziphus Jujuba Mill.) is one of the medicinal herbs with grows in dry and semi-dry areas in Iran; mainly in the South Khorasan province. The present study aimed at evaluating anti-oxidant and free radical scavenging capacity in different types of Jujuba.
Four ecotypes of Jujubes were collected from different parts of the South Khorasan providence (Sarayan, Quaen, Arish, and Boshad). The collected samples were air dried and then their aqueous extract was prepared in different dilutions. Anti-oxidant and free radical scavenging capacity of the samples were assessed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) methods. Their AAPH-induced hemolysis prevention was also analyzed. The total phenolic content of the samples was assessed using Folin–Ciocalteau method.
Maximum phenolic content was obtained from Quaen Jujube (1317±4.3 equal to μmol Gallic acid). The highest antioxidant capacity by FRAP (1390.1 ± 65.5μmol/L) also belonged to Quaen jujube. The ability of Arish Jujube extracts in scavenging and neutralizing free radical, tested by DPPH, was always higher compared to the other extracts. Results obtained from the effects of different dilutions of Jujube extracts (0-25 – 5 mg/ml) on hemolysis showed a dose dependent relationship. All the extracts showed dose dependent reducing hemolysis in a specific range of concentrations, induced by 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH). There was no significant statistical difference between jujube ecotypes in preventing hemolysis.
According to total phenolic content of the Jujobe extracts, its significant antioxidant properties and radical scavenging activities, which was tested through different methods, it can be a potential booster for anti-oxidant capacities.

Ephedra, Nepeta, and Hymenocrater herbs have long been used in the treatment of many diseases, but their interactions with cellular components, especially nuclear proteins, are still unknown. On the other hand, in the eukaryotic cell nucleus histone proteins play a main role in the packaging of the genetic material as chromatin. The present study aimed at comparing the in-vitro interactions of aqueous extracts of Ephedra, Nepeta, and Hymonocarater with histone proteins.
Histone proteins type 2A were purchased from Sigma company and aqueous extract of Ephedra, Nepeta and Hymenocrater were prepared in the research laboratory of Birjand University of Medical sciences. Different concentrations of the aqueous extracts were incubated with histone proteins, then analyzed by UV-Spectroscopy and Circular dichroism.
Aqueous extract of Nepeta increased maximum absorbance of histone proteins at 210 nm, but the reduction in absorbance was shown at its high concentration. The absorbance of histone proteins also changed in the presence of the aqueous extract of Ephedra and Hymenocrater and it decreased to zero at higher concentration of Ephedra. Circular Dichroism studies demonstrated that the structure of histone proteins changed in the presence of mentioned aqueous extract; the observed effect of the aqueous extract of ephedra was higher than Nepeta and Hymenocrater.
The aqueous extracts of ephedra, Nepeta,and Hymenocrated interacted with histone proteins and changed their structure. The effect of ephedra was higher than others.

Oxidative stress and atherogenic dyslipidemia are the main complications in type 2 diabetics. The present study aimed at comparing between serum 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and atherogenic index plasma (ARP) levels in type 2 diabetics and normal people.
In this study the relevant data of 50 type 2 diabetics ,who had referred to Emam Reza educational hospital and serum samples of random 50 healthy subjects, aged 27-70 yrs, was collected. The levels of 8-OHdG, AIP, and MDA in type II diabetics were measured by means of ELISA and TBARS, respectively. Their lipid profiles and plasma autherogenic indices were assessed through an autoanalyser.
The case and control groups were homogenized regarding some demographic components such as age and gender .It was found that serum levels of 8OHdG,MDA, and AIP were significantly higher in the patients compared to the healthy controls ,aged 27-70 yrs (P The lipid peroxidation and DNA oxidation in diabetic patients were indicated high oxidative stress in these patients, which can cause post complications such as cardiovascular disease.

In the present studysynthesis of silver nanoparticles and the assessment of its toxicity against the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells were done.
To confirm the production of silver nanoparticles, UV-Visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and TEM analyses were performed. MTT assay was used to evaluate the toxicity of nanoparticles against cancer cells. The induction of apoptosis was indicated by acridine orange-ethidium bromide staining and flow cytometry (sub-G1).
Based on surface plasmon absorbance, silver nanoparticles exhibited a specific peak at 408 nm, indicating the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. TEM showed that the nanoparticles had a cubic shape with the mean diameter of 65.5 nm. Furthermore, XRD analyses revealed the synthesized nanoparticles had high crystallinity with 55 nm crystalite size. According to the MTT assay, nanoparticles can decrease the viability of Saos-2 cells in a dose dependent manner. IC50 value corresponding to silver nanoparticles was estimated 21.1 µg/ml. Moreover, the effect of nanoparticles on tumor cells was accompanied by the cellular uptake of nanoparticle, cell cycle arrest at G2 phase, and induction of cell death with mode of apoptosis.
Since silver nanoparticles can reduce the proliferation of Saos-2 cells and to eradicate them by induction of apoptosis, these nanoparticles can be taken as a candidate for treating osteosarcoma cells.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine and metabolic disorder, which is characterized by ovulatory dysfunction and hyperandrogenism. Regarding to the antioxidant properties of green tea (Camellia sinensis) compounds, the present study was done to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of green tea and catechin on the status of sex hormones and ovaries in polycystic ovarian syndrome rat model.
In this experimental study, 42 Wistar female rats were divided into 7 equal groups of control, PCOS control, PCOS treated with aqueous extract of green tea (50 and 100 mg/kg, 24 days, ip), PCOS treated with catechin (50 and 100 mg/kg, 24 days, ip) and PCOS treated with clomiphene citrate (1.5 mg/kg, 24 days, ip). Polycystic ovarian syndrome was induced by a single intramuscular injection of estradiol valerate (4 mg/kg). At the end of administration period, serum level of LH, FSH, β-estradiol, Progesterone, and testosterone was measured using ELISA. Also, the number of ovarian follicles was counted. The obtained data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Post Hoc Tukey statistical tests.
Compared to PCOS control group, serum level of LH, β-estradiol, testosterone and number of cystic follicles in the groups treated with clomiphene citrate, treated with 100 mg/kg aqueous extract of green tea and treated with 50 and 100 mg/kg of catechin significantly decreased, but serum level of FSH, progesterone and number of preantral, antral, preovulatory follicles, and corpus luteum significantly increased (p Compared with green tea, catechin has a more favorable effect on improving hormonal parameters, especially FSH hormone and increasing the number of ovarian follicles in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Physical activity is an appropriate cost-effective means for the prevention and treatment of type II diabetes. Irisin, a recently identified myokine seems to have an important role in the transformation of white fat tissue and regulation of insulin sensitivity. The current study aimed at investigating the effect of aerobic training on serum levels of irisin and insulin resistance in women with type II diabetes.
In this semi- experimental study, 24 women with type II diabetes were objectively selected and randomly assigned into two equal groups of aerobic training and control. The exercise group undertook a 4 week (5 times a week) run aerobic exercise on a treadmill with 55-80 percent of maximum heart rate intensity. The control group did not have any physical activities. Blood samples were taken before and 48 hours after the last training session and serum levels of blood glucose and insulin were assessed. The obtained data was analyzed using paired t-test and covariance analysis. The significant level was P The Results showed significant increase in the irisin and reduce in insulin resistance and glucose in exercise group compared with the control group (P Aerobic exercise, through a favorable impact on irisin levels and insulin resistancecan act as an effective factor to improve the complications in type II diabetics.

Due to the effects of herbs in the prevention of kidney stones, the present study aimed at assessing the effect of aqueous eryngium campestre on the prevention of pathologic alterations caused by calcium oxalate crystals induced by ethylene glycol in the cortex and medulla of rats’kidneys.
To conduct the study 40 male Wistar rats, weighing 200 – 250 gr were randomly divided into 5 equal groups; i.e. the healthy control group that just received water, the negative control group receiving water with 1% ethylene glycol, the prevention groups, which in addition to 1% ethylene glycol in water were daily gavaged with 100 mg/kg, 200mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg of the plant extract. After 30 days all rats were killed and slides from each one’s kidneys were prepared. The slides were stained applying H/E method and the number of their calcium oxalate crystals was checked.
It was found that there was a significant difference between the number of their calcium oxalate crystals in the control health and negative groups (P0.05). However, in the 200mg/kg prevention group compared to the negative control one there was a significant difference in reducing the number of the crystals (P0.05).
It was discovered that aqueous extract of eryngium campestre is effective in preventing the accumulation of calcium oxalate crystals in the kidney.

Low HDL, the most common type of dyslipidemia in Birjand studies: it is necessary to study: Letter to Editor